Chemical Composition (Common Grades)
| Grade | Copper Content (%) | Description |
| C11000 | 99.9% | Electrolytic tough pitch (ETP) copper |
| C10100 | 99.99% | Oxygen-free copper (OFHC) |
| C12200 | 99.9% | Phosphor-deoxidized, non-arsenical |
Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
| Density | 8.96 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1083°C (1981°F) |
| Electrical Conductivity | ~97-100% IACS |
| Thermal Conductivity | ~400 W/m·K |
| Tensile Strength | 210–370 MPa (varies by temper) |
| Elongation | 20–45% |
| Hardness | 40–110 HV (depending on temper) |
Types and Tempers
Copper strips are available in various tempers:
- Soft (annealed)
- Half–hard
- Full hard
- Spring hard
Surface finishes:
- Bright
- Matte
- Oxide-free
- Tinned (for solderability)
Standard Dimensions
| Parameter | Range |
| Thickness | 0.05 mm to 10 mm |
| Width | 3 mm to 610 mm (customizable) |
| Length | Coils or cut-to-length strips |
Manufacturing Process
- Melting and casting pure copper
- Hot rolling to reduce thickness
- Cold rolling for final gauge
- Annealing (if needed) to soften
- Slitting and cutting to final dimensions
- Surface treatment (optional)
Applications
- Electrical Industry: Busbars, connectors, switchgear, earthing
- Electronics: PCB shielding, terminals, EMI shielding
- Construction: Roofing, flashing, plumbing
- Automotive: Battery connectors, EV charging parts
- Industrial Machinery: Heat exchangers, transformers
- Decorative: Architectural elements, art, crafts
Advantages
- Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity
- High corrosion resistance
- Good formability and solderability
- Recyclable and sustainable
Key Standard
- ASTM B152 (for flat copper products)
- IS 191:2007 (Indian Standard)
- BS EN 1652 (European Standard)
- JIS H3100 (Japanese Industrial Standard)
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